The “factory†of citizenship: between anthropology, biopolitics and practices of populations disciplining
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14600/irpps_wps.77.2015Keywords:
Anthropology and Citizenship, Culture and Politics, Literature Review, Foucault, RazacAbstract
The paper is divided into two specific topic around the item of citizenship. The first part of the paper aims to contribute to the critical reflections about the uses and ways of building citizenship, especially in literature. And try to take stock of the contributions of anthropology to this field of political analysis in order to provide food for thought on this subject. The problematic object consisting of citizenship leads us to revisit the relationship between culture and politics, and to discover that the concept needs to put a critical look at the state and, by extension, the nation. The second part refers to Michel Foucault. In his works on power relations in modern society, Foucault develops two main models. On the one hand, “disciplinary†power which seeks to exhaustively control individual behavior. On the other hand, “biopolitical†power, which corresponds to the modern and liberal reason of state, and to the regulation of populations. However, a more detailed analysis of biopolitics and its origins illustrates the disciplinary roots of the liberal paradigm of government action, and considers from a different perspective its appeals to freedom. Henceforth, modern politics is not characterized by the balance between coercion and laissez-faire, but by a multitude of techniques that will all modulate in a different way the same objective of coercion of docile bodies.References
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